Assalamualaikum and hi,
we were given some input on the theory part on how to design the material using different kinds of media. We can use ASSURE model, ADDIE model or DICK and CAREY model to help us to design the materials using many kinds of other media apart of lecture and books. However, as a teacher we should know our students first before deciding to design the activities. It is important so that it would match with our students' need and ability so that we can deliver the content successfully. In addition, we should aware that every student in our class is different in terms of their characteristics, learning styles and background. Therefore, we need to consider all the factors before designing the activities.
Then, we need to state the objectives explicitly so that we know what we expect from the students performance. Besides, it also keeps us always on the track during the activities to ensure the learning process happen. After that, we can start to select the materials, method and media to be used in the classroom. The material should reflect the objectives that we plan earlier. In selecting the materials we must make sure that it is suitable and have the teaching points on it. If we need the materials is too high or too low for students' proficiency, we can modify and produce the new material from the original one. We can design it according to our creativity to suit our learners.
Before we used the material we have design, we should preview it to make sure that it alright and we can make adjustment to meet the students' need. Then, during the presentation stage, we should make sure that the students can participate in the activity to maximize the learning process among them. It is because they will learn best while interacting with their peer as their language continue to develop. At this stage they will try hard to learn by creatively make their own language and guessing to deliver and understanding messages. Besides, according to a psychologist, Lev Vygotsky, he stated that students construct their learning by interacting with their surrounding such as peers, teachers, parents and environment. Lastly, we need to evaluate the material used, do they met our learning objectives and do they students benefit from the activities. We can evaluate it during and after the activities. We can assess them while they are doing the activity by observing their development. After that, we need to make a reflection on our design material so that we can improve it later.
These theories help me to know the requirement of the activity that I’m going to design so that I will always be on the right track. It is also to make sure that I will not be too ambitious which I can't meet their proficiency or underestimate my students which will make them learn nothing. I can fall back on a theory by Stephen Krashen that said we should give them comprehensible input which goes a step beyond their current knowledge or what he called it as i+1. (Lightbown and Spada, 2001).
